مفهوم – Idioms هي نوع من التعابير الخاصه والتي يصعب تفسيرها حرفيا، من خلال تفسيرها كلمة كلمة، اي انك لو حاولت تترجمها كلمه كلمه ستجد المعنى غير مفهوم، بينما المعنى بعيد تماما عن المقصود.
وللـ Idioms أهمية كبيرة في اللغة الانجليزية، حيث توضح سياق الكلام والمعنى المقصود، فربما حفظ الكلمات فقط لن يفيد في فهم العباراة أو الجملة لما تعنيه من معنى آخر.
first of all: What is an idiom
It is a speech form or an expression of a given language that is peculiar to itself grammatically or cannot be understood from the individual meanings of its elements
هي نوع من التعابير الخاصة بلغة معينة والتي يصعب تفسيرها من خلال تفسير معنى كل كلمة في الجملة بشكل فردي.
أي انك لو حاولت أن تترجم كل كلمة موجودة في التعبير على حدى للوصول إلى معنى التعبير فلن تستطيع ذلك لأن المعنى سيكون بعيد تماما عما هو مقصود.
و لمزيد من التوضيح أنظر إلى الشرح.
1) be on one’s feet
meaning = واقف = a- be standing
The crowd was on its feet for the last ten seconds
يتعافى b- Fully recovered, as after an illness
The patient is on her feet again
2) fall on one’s feet
meaning =حظا سعيدا = have good luck
Although he was completely surrounded, the thief fell on his feet and managed to get away with all the things he had stolen
3) have feet of clay
meaning = يكون جبان أو ضعيف =be weak or coward
Some of the greatest geniuses in history had feet of clay
4) keep one’s feet
meaning = لا يقع = not fall
It is difficult to keep on one’s feet when walking on ice
5) put one’s feet up
meaning =يرتاح = rest
All I want is to put my feet up when I finish working on this project
6) put one’s foot down
meaning = يعارض = protest
ًWhen you feel you’ve been treated unfairly, you should always put your foot down
7) keep to oneself
meaning = يبتعد عن الناس = stay away from other people
Our neighbor is very quiet and likes to keep to herself
8) put one’s foot in one’s mouth
meaning = يقول شيء من غير المقبول قوله في موقف ما say something that is the wrong thing to say in a situation
I put my foot in my mouth and said that I didn’t like fish just before my friends served fish at their dinner party
9) talk through one’s hat
meaning = يبالغ في الحديث = to make exaggerated or inaccurate statements about something
The man is always talking through his hat and you never know if you can believe him or not
10) come hat in hand
meaning = يأتي معتذرا =come apologizing
When Jack realized he had been rude to her, he came with his hat in hand
11) pass or send round the hat
meaning = يطلب أو يجمع المال لغرض ما =to ask for or to collect money for some project
We passed round the hat in order to raise money for the movie projector
12) throw that hat in the air
meaning =يكون سعيدا و متحمسا = be happy and excited
When Tom heard the good results he threw his hat in the air
13) keep something under one’s hat
meaning = يبقي او يكتم السر =keep secret about
He won`t say where he is going for his holiday. He wants to keep it under his hat
14) keep the home fires burning
meaning = يبقي الأمور تسير على شكلها المعتاد في غياب الشخص = keep things going as usual while someone is away
Don`t worry about anything. I will stay home and keep the home fires burning while you are on your holiday
15) keep the lid on something
meaning = يتكتم على شيء ماkeep something quiet
The hospital worked hard to keep the lid on the drug scandal
16) come to life
meaning = يتعافى = recover
The party came to life when the host and hostess entered the room
17) bring … to life
meaning = يعيد إلى الحياة = cause to live or recover
The lifeguard used artificial repiration to bring to life the unconscious swimmer
18) lay down one’s life
meaning =يضحي بحياته = scrifice one’s life
The martyrs had lay down their lives for their country
19) run for one’s life
meaning = ينقذ نفسه = to save oneself
I ran for my life when I met the bear on the camping trip
20) at one time
meaning = في وقت من الأوقات في الماضي = during a period of time in the past
At one time I thought you were going to lose
21) in no time
meaning = فورا أو حالا = very soon
In no time, the soldiers had set up the sand barriers
22) on time
meaning = في الوقت المحدد (بدون تأخير) = not late
I always like to keep my promises and be on time
23) as far as
meaning = لغاية = to the place mentioned
We walked as far as the police station and then returned
24) far and wide
meaning = في كل مكان = everywhere
The police searched far and wide for the killer
25) from afar
meaning = من بعيد = from a long distance
Objects look small from afar
26) lead a double life
meaning = يعيش حياتين مختلفتين = leading two different lives
I know a man who was leading a double life: abusinessman by day and a beggar by night
الجزء الثالث
27) to pull someone’s leg
meaning = يمازح = to play a joke on someone
A: Wow! Carl has done some really amazing things
B: Don’t believe everything he tells you. He was probably pulling your leg
28) to keep an eye on
meaning = يراقب = to look after something or someone
You’re busy, so you’ll need to keep an eye on the time.Remember that we have to leave at 4:30
29) to put one’s foot down
meaning = يثبت سلطته = to assert one’s authority
You’ve got to put your foot down and make him stop smoking
30) fall out with
meaning = يتجادل أو يتخاصم مع have an argument and are no longer friendly
When she realized he was cheating her, she fell out with him
31) fall on
meaning = يلاحظ = see or notice something
My eyes fell on a very strange object moving about in space
32) fall away
meaning = يترك شخص أو يصبح أقل عددا leave somebody; become less in degree or fewer in number
All his friends fell away when they realized he was a spy
33) full up
meaning = ملآن على الآخر completely full
I can’t eat anymore; I’m full up
34) full of
meaning = مشغول بـ أو مهووس يــ completely occupied with
The teacher was full of the news of the results; he didn’t talk of anything else during the whole period
35) in full
meaning = من دون أن يترك شيء without leaving out anything
We always have to write our names in full on exam sheets
36) to the full
meaning = إلى أقصى حد to the maximum
After we finish the exams, we’re going to have a party and enjoy ourselves to the full
37) a good job
meaning = عمل جيد a good state of job
He did a good job on his term paper and got the good grade he deserved
38) put-up job
meaning =عمل مخادع او مزور a fake or false job
The whole thing was a put-up job to make him agree to the deal
39) have a job to do
meaning = عمل صعب a difficult job to do
You have a job to do convincing your teacher that you were sick
40) on the job
meaning = في العمل أو مشغول at work; busy
I don’t like to be interrupted by anybody when I’m on the job